The kaval
This is a long flute with 5 holes as though the lowest hole is missing, and on the quart note it sounds a specific interval, an extended oriental character quarter note. The base is the quint-changed playing. If we leave the bottom hole of the flute, then we create a minor scale with five holes. If we acquire the quint-changed technique, then we orientate on the kaval also.
This name is also used by the Balkan peoples, but they have a different system of wind instruments, with a common change of fifths. Its pitch is minor, with an under-tuned augmented fourth. Its use is explained by the change of fifths, as the change of fifths technique is also used in the kaval. The kaval is a five-holed instrument, as if the lowest hole on the flute were missing, with a characteristic interval on the fourth, an augmented, eastern-style, quarter-note. If the bottom hole of the shepherd’s flute is omitted, a minor scale with five holes is obtained. If we make this an octave lower and drill the fourth a quarter note higher, we get the Kaval. If you master the fifth-shift technique, you have the playing style.
Octave II
D/ re 2-6
E/ mi 3-6
F/ wood 4-6
#G/ sol 5,6
A/ la 6
quintet blowing
A/ la 2-6
H/ si 3-6
C/ do 4-6
#D/ re 5,6
E/ mi 6
The low octave of the kaval is rarely used because it cannot be replaced by the high octave without a gap. But if the missing notes are not a problem, it can be done. The melodies start in the second blow strength, octave, and with a fifth blow you get a nineth interval range, i.e. octave, D to D plus E. It also has characteristic melodies, found in Hungarian in the Moldavian Csángók. Its melodic world is typical, melodies born for this instrument are played (serba, hora, Sweet Gergelem – Édes Gergelem and other lyrical melodies)
Another Gergelem from Uncle Illés:
My other suggestions: